2024
- Lin, H., Westbrook, A., Fan, F. & Inzlicht, M. (2024) An experimental manipulation of the value of effort. Nat. Hum. Behav. 1–13.
2023
- Seidman, A. J., Yang, X., Westbrook, A., George, C. J. & Kovacs, M. (2023) Effects of current and past depressive episodes on behavioral performance and subjective experience during an N-back task. J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry 81, 101852.
- Luther, L. Westbrook, A., Ayawvi, G., Ruiz, I., Raugh, I.M., Chu, A.O.K., Chang, W.C., and G.P. Strauss. (2023) The role of defeatist performance beliefs on cognitive effort-cost decision-making in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 261, 216–224.
- Mækelæ, M.J., Klevjer, K., Westbrook, A., Eby, N.S., Rikke, E., and G. Pfuhl. (2023) Is it cognitive effort you measure? Comparing three task paradigms to the Need for Cognition scale. PLOS ONE 18, e0290177.
- Westbrook, A., Xiao, Y., Daches, S., Bylsma, L., Seidman, A., Kovacs, M. (2022) Economic choice and heart rate fractal scaling indicate that cognitive effort is reduced in depression and boosted by sad moods. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 8(7) 687-694.
2022
- Bjork, J. M., Sawyers, C. K., Straub, L. K., Garavito, D. M. N. & Westbrook, A. (2022) Cognitive effort avoidance in veterans with suicide attempt histories. Acta Psychol. 231, 103788.
- van den Bosch, R., Lambregts, B., Määttä, J., Hofmans, L.., Papadopetraki, D., Westbrook, A., Verkes, R.-J., Booij, J., and R. Cools. (2022) Striatal dopamine dissociates methylphenidate effects on value-based versus surprise-based reversal learning. Nature Communications, 13(1). 1-15.
- Hofmans, L., Westbrook, A., van den Bosch, R., Booij, J., Verkes, R., and R. Cools. (2022) Effects of average reward on vigor as a function of individual variation in striatal dopamine. Psychopharmacology, 239(2). 465-478.
2021
- Westbrook, A., Frank, M.J., and R. Cools. (2021) A mosaic of cost-benefit control over cortico-striatal circuitry. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 25(8). 710-721.
- Westbrook, A.*, Ghosh, A.*, van den Bosch, R., Määttä, J., Hofmans, L., and R. Cools. (2021) Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity reflects smartphone social activity. iScience.
2020
- Westbrook, A., van den Bosch, R., Määttä, J., Hofmans, L., Papadopetraki, D., Cools, R.*, and M.J. Frank*. (2020) Dopamine promotes cognitive effort by biasing the benefits versus the costs of cognitive work. Science, 367 (6484). 1362-1366.
- Westbrook, A., Frank, M.J., and R. Cools. (2020) Dopamine and reward: Implications for neurological and psychiatric disorders. In: The Cognitive Neurosciences, 6th Edition. Editors: Gazzaniga, Mangun, and Poeppel.
- Hofmans, L., Papadopetraki, D., van den Bosch, R., Määttä, J., Frobose, M.I., Zandbelt, B.B., Westbrook, A., Verkes, R., and R. Cools. (2020) Methylphenidate boosts choices of mental labor over leisure depending on striatal dopamine synthesis capacity. Neuropsychopharmacology, 45(13). 2170-2179.
- Culbreth, A.J., Moran, E.K., Kandala, S., Westbrook, A., and D. M. Barch. (2020) Effort, avolition, and motivational experience in schizophrenia: Analysis of behavioral and neuroimaging data with relationships to daily motivational experience. Clinical Psychological Science, 8(3). 555-568.
- Froböse, M.I., Westbrook, A., Bloemendaal, M., Aarts, E., and R. Cools. (2020) Catecholaminergic modulation of the cost of cognitive control in healthy older adults. PLoS One, 15(2).
- Lamichhane, B., Westbrook, A., Cole, M.W., and Braver, T.S. (2020) Exploring brain-behavior relationships in the N-back task. NeuroImage, 212.
2019
- Chang, W.C.*, Westbrook, A.*, Strauss, G.P., Chu, A.O.K., Chong, C.S.Y., Siu, C.M.W., Chan, S.K.W, Lee, E.H.M., Hui, C.L.M., Suen, Y.M., Lo, T.L., and E.Y.H. Chen. (2019) Abnormal cognitive effort allocation and its association with amotivation in first-episode psychosis. Psychological Medicine.
- Westbrook, A., Lamichhane, B., and T.S. Braver. (2019) The subjective value of cognitive effort is encoded in a domain general valuation network. The Journal of Neuroscience, 39(20).
- Culbreth, A. J., Westbrook, A., Braver, T.S., and D.M. Barch. (2019) Effort in daily life: Relationships between experimental tasks and daily experience. Motivation Science, 6(3).
2018 and before
- Westbrook, A., and M.J. Frank. Dopamine and proximity in motivation and cognitive control. (2018) Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 22. 28-34.
- Jimura, K., Chuschack, M., Westbrook, A., and T.S. Braver. Intertemporal decision making involves prefrontal control mechanisms associated with working memory. (2017) Cerebral Cortex, 1-12.
- Culbreth, A. J., Westbrook, A., Xu, Z., Barch, D.M., and J.A. Waltz. (2016) Intact ventral striatal prediction error signaling in medicated schizophrenia patients. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 1(5). 474-483.
- Culbreth, A. J., Westbrook, A., Daw, N.D., Botvinick, M., and D.M. Barch. (2016) Reduced model-based decision-making in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(6).
- Culbreth, A. J.*, Westbrook, A.*, and D.M. Barch. (2016) Negative symptoms in schizophrenia are associated with an increased subjective cost of cognitive effort. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(4). 528.
- Westbrook, A. and T.S. Braver. (2016) Dopamine does double duty in motivating cognitive effort. Neuron, 89(4).
- Westbrook, A., and T.S. Braver. (2015) Cognitive effort: A neuroeconomic approach. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 15. 395-415.
- Braver, T., Krug, M., Chiew, K., Kool, W., Westbrook, A., et al. (2014) Mechanisms of motivation-cognition interaction: Challenges and opportunities. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 14(2).
- Westbrook, A., Kester, D., and T.S. Braver. (2013) What is the subjective cost of cognitive effort? Load, trait, and aging effects revealed by economic preference. PLoS One, 8(7).
- Westbrook, A., Martins, B.S., Yarkoni, T., and T.S. Braver. (2012) Strategic insight and age-related goal-neglect influence risky decision-making. Frontiers in Decision Neuroscience, 6(68).
- Westbrook, A., and F.A. DiGiano. (2009) Rate of chloramine decay at pipe surfaces. Journal of the American Water Works Association.